A growing consensus by leaders in various professions suggests the need for environmental communicators who can effectively communicate environmental issues to audiences in the 21st Century when Global human population growth projections and accompanying environmental degradation issues will top organizational agendas.(l)

The author of this study suggests that universities and colleges should be offering undergraduate degree programs that combine academic backgrounds in communication and environmental science.(2) To determine organizational need for graduates with such degrees, a survey was sent in 1995 to 92 organizations with environmentally related agendas. Organizations surveyed included: 51 environmental/public interest groups, 11 industry groups and trade associations, and 30 government organizations. A list of these organizations is appended.

Of those responding to the survey, 82 percent indicated a need for individuals who are trained in both communication and environmental (or other) science disciplines, leading the author to conclude that organizations are in need of environmental communicators who have such a degree.

A cover letter entitled "Request for Assistance in determining the need for Environmental Communicators was sent to each of the 92 organizations. The cover letter read as follows:

"The School of Communication at Northern Arizona University is developing a program in Environmental Communication to prepare graduates for careers in communicating environmental messages to the public.

"Please help us in compiling information about the job market for graduates with backgrounds in Environmental Communication. This information will also be used in an upcoming Environmental Communication textbook. Your organization will receive credit in that book for providing this information.

"Please take a few moments to fill out the attached survey and return it in the enclosed envelope. Thanks for your time!"

In hopes of improving response rate, the survey was kept to a minimum of one page. It read as follows:

Name of Your Organization:

Name and Title Of Person filling out survey:

Does your organization have a public information or public relations department? or bureau?

yes________ no________

Does your organization have a need for individuals with higher education degrees that combine backgrounds in

environmental (or other) science and communication?

yes ________no________

Would your organization be interested in using college student interns with such backgrounds?

yes________ no________

Please list (or attach) job titles and descriptions within your organization for which a degree in the combined areas of communication and environmental (or other) science would be of value:

Job Title: Job Description:

Additional comments concerning your communication needs:

NOTE: A stamped, return envelope was included with the survey for convenience in response.

The author received responses to the survey in staggered amounts for about a year after the survey was sent. Overall, there was a 25 percent response rate to the survey. Eighty-six percent of respondents did have a public relations department or public information office. Of those responding to the question regarding the need for employees who had received college training in communication and environmental (or other) science, 82 percent answered yes.

Those organizations indicating such a need included:

Citizen's Clearinghouse for Hazardous Wastes

Institute for Local Self-Reliance

National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides

National Recycling Coalition

Natural Resource Conservation Service (formerly Soil Conservation Services)

Natural Resources Defense Council

Nuclear Energy Institute

Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry

The Izaak Walton League

The Nature Conservancy

Union of Concerned Scientists

U.S. Department of Commerce - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

U.S. Department of Energy

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Wildlife Habitat Council

Wildlife Management Institute

Zero Population Growth

Others responding to the survey who have public information divisions but did not indicate a need for employees with degrees combining communication and environmental (or other) science included:

American Forest & Paper Association

Environment and Energy Study Institute

Greenpeace

Planned Parenthood

In addition, 86 percent of respondents indicated an interest in using college student interns with backgrounds in communication and environmental (or other) science with 68 percent indicating yes and 18 percent indicating they may be interested.

Respondents to the survey offered varying degrees of information concerning the types of jobs and job descriptions for which a communication / environmental science degree would be valuable. This information is organized below by organization name.

This organization has been assisting disenfranchised communities struggling for environmental justice since 1981. The national office has a staff of only eleven, but utilizes many interns in unpaid internships in the areas of environmental racism, pesticide misuse, hazardous and solid waste incinerating and recycling technology, solid waste landfills and corporate greenwashing. Internships opportunities are in the areas or science, journalism, writing, grassroots organizations non-profit management, research and development. The science intern compiles toxicity profiles on common chemicals found at contaminated sites. The journalism intern researches and writes stories for the journal Everyone's Backyard and updates fact packs. The writing intern researches and updates guidebooks. The grassroots organization intern assists the director with a variety of tasks to include communication with field offices and answering phone inquiries from grassroots activists. The nonprofit management intern assists the director with a variety of tasks to include marketing, public relations, schedule coordination and other activities. The research intern researches, compiles and sends information to grassroots activists in answer to written and telephone inquiries. The development intern assists with all aspects of development including grant writing, prospect research and major donor activities.

This organization lists the job title of Research Assistant, who performs a variety of tasks related to researching technical and environmental feasibility of economic development initiatives focused on materials reuse. In addition, the Institute seeks interns for recycling and economic development.

NCAMP is a broad coalition of health, environmental, labor, farm, consumer and church groups, as well as individuals, who share common concerns about potential hazards associated with pesticides. The organization publishes several publications for educating the public about these issues. NCAMP seeks interns who will conduct library research for newsletter articles and other publications, deal with the public on general and specific issues and attend and report on meetings and hearings.

This organization indicates the following job titles for which environmental communication degrees would be valuable: Director of Communications, Assistant Director of Communications, Membership Coordinator, Project Associate, and a Communications Intern. The survey respondent commented, "Communication and media outreach is a critical component to the success of any recycling endeavor, especially the mission of the National Recycling Coalition. Our needs, however, far outweigh our resources in this area. Interns may not receive payment but earn vast experience in this field.

Two job titles and accompanying descriptions are listed by this organization. They are: Public Affairs Specialist - to develop communications plans, work with the media, develop news articles and work with constituency groups; and Writer/Editor to write and edit technical materials.

The following job titles are listed by this organization: Associate Director of Communications - media planning, advertising, institutional projects, etc.; Media Relations Officer - press releases, press conferences, etc.; Editor of the organization's magazine The Amicus Journal - edits and directs content of this quarterly magazine; Publications Director - edits and produces all technical reports; Research Associate - needs technical expertise to write papers and reports for which communication knowledge would be useful as well as knowing how to market information. The following comment was offered by the respondent: "Positions are hard to come by here, but that background (communication / environmental or other science) is extremely useful. I hope your graduates won't market themselves to polluting corporations, where I'm sure demand is great."

NEI is the nuclear energy industry's Washington-based trade association whose information program emphasizes the importance of electricity to economy and the role of nuclear energy and coal in providing it. The Media Relations Department of NEI puts out various informational and educational materials. The respondent doesn't list specific jobs or descriptions but comments, "We've never considered internships - maybe we should! Could be a good experience."

This U.S. Senate Committee lists two relevant job titles: Press Secretary, and Deputy Press Secretary, who handle press inquiries, chart communication strategy, coordinate public relations for the chairman, and have responsibilities for political consulting.

The survey respondent was the director of communications and editor of the League's magazine Outdoor America. Two job titles were listed: Staff Writer and Associate Editor. Job responsibilities include writing stories, responding to queries, and assisting in the production of four color magazine.

This organization sent several sample job descriptions from various offices. A job description from the Arizona Chapter is for Communications Assistant to coordinate and provide administrative support for the communications department. This person helps coordinate special Conservancy and public events, prepares and distributes press packets and assists in production of media displays. A job description from San Francisco seeks a Public Information Associate to work directly with the press and broadcast media to provide basic information on the Conservancy's work, produce and distribute press releases, help produce public education programs, and work with field staff on community press needs. The Texas Field Office issued a job description for a Pubic Relations Assistant to provide administrative support for the Director of Public Affairs. This person prepares and distributes news releases and other media advisories, responds to routine media inquiries and assists in maintenance of a media library. A job description from the Ohio Field Office is for a Communication Manager to plan and implement the communications programs for the state, including pubic relations, media relations, and publications including drafting, editing and producing the quarterly newsletter, the Conservator publication and brochures and other media related work. Another job description from the Boston office is for a Project Coordinator whose main duties are information management, including processing project packages and maintaining updated project information in the database and files.

This organization, which assesses global environmental problems, offers limited employment opportunities and some paid internships in the following areas: UCS's Global Resources Program, Energy Program, Transportation Program, Arts Control Program, Nuclear Power Safety Program, Action Networks, Speaker's Bureau, UCS's quarterly publication Nucleus which contains informative articles about UCS and its programs, and various publications and videos as well as other educational materials, including briefing papers, books, reports, and posters.

Two job titles are listed: Specialist and Public Affairs Assistant, both of whom assist in the development and implementation of public affairs strategies and tactics and work to develop a plan of action for NOAA Science Center and related education and outreach activities. Survey respondent states, "NOAA Public Affairs is always interested in providing an exciting learning opportunity for public affairs practitioners. Those with journalism experience are particularly desirable since much of our efforts are concentrated on the media."

Two job titles are indicated by the Office of Public Accountability: Public Participation Specialist - to help the public understand Department of Energy issues; and Press Officer - to write press releases and organize press conferences.

Although no specific job titles and descriptions were given by this respondent, the following comments were written: "A variety of communications or administrative positions depending very heavily on individual aptitude such as writing skills, rate of production of material, interpersonal skills and experience...entry level people should have an adventurous spirit about trying different kinds of work - newspaper, magazine, public relations, broadcast, even advertising, screenwriting, etc. Highly polished writing skills, including precise grammar, spelling, syntax and rhetoric skills are fundamental."

This is a non-profit, non-lobbying organization dedicated to wildlife habitat protection and enhancement on corporate lands. A position for a Public Relations Intern is available with the following job description: "Duties include writing press releases, assisting in the production of annual publications by preparing layout, editing, or formatting. Writing assignments, assisting in the coordination of special events, and other projects are also components of this position.

Respondent comments that the environmental communication degree "would be valuable for every position, but specific positions would include: Director of Publications, Editor, and Publications Assistant." No job descriptions were given.

This organization offers the job title Research Specialist which requires research and writing reports concerning population.

Although this was not a large survey in terms of number of organizations queried and number of questions asked, the findings do have significance for educators seeking to prepare graduates who can communicate about environmental issues. With 82 percent of respondents indicating a need for individuals who have higher education degrees that combine communication and environmental (or other) science, the survey has given educators a rationale for offering undergraduate degrees in environmental communication because there is a job market for such graduates. In addition, the survey has provided feedback about possible student internships with several of the responding organizations.

Organizations indicating a need for environmental communicators identified a variety of job positions a person with a degree combining communication and environmental (or other) science could hold. More than 40 specific job positions were reported. Strong writing and editing skills were listed as essential by 65 percent of respondents, while strong research skills were a requirement for nearly one-third of all environmental communication positions. Approximately 50 percent of the organizations responding indicated needs for the following specific skills: understanding of science, good reporting skills, ability to educate and communicate with the public, effective public relations, ability to work with the media, ability to assist in all aspects of publication production.Despite the fact that job titles varied among organizations, job responsibilities encompassed a combination of the above listed skills. Job titles, broken down by arbitrary classification, included:

Communication classification:

Director of Communications

Associate Director of Communications

Assistant Director of Communications

Communications Assistant

Communication Manager

 

Public Relations classification:

Public Affairs Specialist

Public Information Associate

Public Relations Assistant

Public Affairs Assistant

Public Participation Specialist

 

Media Classification:

Writer/Editor

Media Relations Officer

Editor

Press Secretary

Deputy Press Secretary

Staff Writer

Associate Editor

Press of Officer

 

Publications classification:

Publications Director

Director of Publications

Publications Assistant

 

Research Classification:

Research Assistant

Research Associate

Research Specialist

 

Projects Classification:

Project Associate

Membership Coordinator

Project Coordinator

In addition to paid full-time positions, both paid and unpaid student internships were requested by several organizations. Interns were needed in the following categories: science, journalism, writing, grassroots organizing, non-profit management, research and development, research and writing, reporting, public relations and communications.

This survey represents a tiny step toward determining the job market for environmental communicators who have academic backgrounds in communication and science. Since the survey was sent to only those organizations that deal with environmental issues, it does not necessarily assess the need for environmental communicators in other types of organizations. Yet, environmental issues are expected to become part of nearly every organization's agenda by the 21st Century.(3) Therefore, future environmental communication job market research needs to focus on the needs of all organizations, large and small, both nationally and internationally.

NOTES:

(1) In a recent poll of members of the Business Round table and the World Economic Forum, business leaders ranked the environment "as one or the most potent forces shaping industry and world economies in the next decade." See: Smit; Emily T., "Green and Greenbacks," Media and the Environment, edited by Craig L. LaMay and Everete E. Dennis, The Freedom Form Media Studies Center, Island Press, Washington, D.C., 1951, p. 158.

(2) Incorporating environmental issues into college and university curriculums is now being widely discussed by educators in various fields. See, for example, Earth in Mind by David W. Orr, Island Press, 1996; Greening the College Curriculum edited by Jonathan Collett and Stephen Karakashian, Island Press, 1996; and The Class of 2000 Report, prepared by Benjamin H. Strauss for The Nathan Cummings Foundation, l996

(3) Business leaders are recognizing the importance of the environment to their organizations and of communicating environmental responsibility to the public. See Note 1. As DuPont CEO Edgar S. Wolard Jr. has stated, organization's "greatest opportunities lie in producing environmentally benign products and technology. Our continued existence as a leading manufacturer requires that we excel in environmental performance."

ENVIRONMENTAL / PUBLIC INTEREST GROUPS

Alliance for Responsible CFC Policy

2111 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 850, Arlington, VA 22201

Government policy regarding CFC's , ozone depletion

Center for Marine Conservation

1725 DeSales Street, N.W., Suite 500, Washington, D.C 20036

Conservation and wise management of the marine environment

Center for Science in the Public Interest

1875 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 300, Washington, D.C. 20009

Health, nutrition, effects of pesticides

Citizen's Clearinghouse for Hazardous Waste

P.O. Box 6806, Falls Church, VA 22040

Hazardous and toxic waste, waste disposal, environmental policy

Clean Sites Inc.

1199 North Fairfax St., Alexandria, VA 222314

Cleanup of hazardous waste sites

Competitive Enterprise Institute

1001 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 1250, Washington, D.C. 20036

Economic policy and related issues

The Conservation Fund

1800 North Kent Street, Suite 1120, Arlington, VA 20036

Historic sites, land acquisition, litigation, lobbying

Conservation International

1015 18th Street, N.W., Suite 1000, Washington, D.C. 20036

Biological diversity, life supporting ecosystems

Container Recycling Institute

710 G. Street, S.E., Washington, D.C. 20003

Container and packing reduction, reuse, and recycling options

The Cousteau Society

777 United Nations Plaza, New York, N.Y. 10017

Environmental education and protection

Defenders of Wildlife

1244 19th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036

Protecting and restoring endangered species, habitat preservation

Ecology Society of America

2010 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Suite 420, Washington, D.C. 20036

Promotes research and communication about ecology

Environmental Defense Fund

257 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 10010

Air & water quality, global warming, ozone depletion, energy conservation, toxic substances, Amazon rain forest, Antarctica

Environmental and Energy Study Institute

122 C. Street, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, D.C. 20001

Acid rain, climate change, energy efficiency, energy policy, water conservation, natural resource management

Environmental Law Institute

1616 P Street, N.W., Suite 200, Washington, D.C. 20036

Environmental policy, air & water pollution, toxic substances, land use, environmental impact statements, natural resources

Friends of the Earth

218 D Street, S.E., Washington, D.C. 20003

Ozone depletion, oceans & coasts, global warming, wastes, nuclear energy, wildlife preservation, corporate accountability

Global Climate Coalition

1331 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Suite 1500 - North Tower Washington, D.C. 2000-1703

Global climate change, technology cooperation

Global Tomorrow Coalition

1325 G Street, N.W., Suite 1010, Washington, D.C. 2000-3104

Population, resource use, environment, development

GreenPeace, USA

1436 U Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 2009

Nuclear weapons and production- international peace, toxic waste, water pollution, global warming, ozone depletion

Hudson Institute

Herman Kahn Center, 5359 Ernerson Way, P.O. Box 26-919 Indianapolis, Ind. 46226

Social, economic and political policy

Institute for Local Self- Reliance

2425 18th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 2009

Environment, community control of resources, alternative energy sources, recycling, waste utilization

Izaak Walton League of America

1401 Wilson Boulevard, Level B, Arlington, VA 22709-2318

Air & water pollution, resource management, wildlife protection, enhanced outdoor recreation

Keep America Beautiful

9 W. Broad Street, Stamford, Conn, 06902

Waste reduction, improvement of waste treatment

Keystone Center

P.O. Box 8606, Keystone, CO 80435

Environmental education, policy negotiation

Land Trust Alliance

1319 F Street, N.W., Suite 501, Washington, D.C. 20004

Land conservation, expansion of land trust groups

League of Conservation Voters

1707 L Street, N.W., Suite 550, Washington, D.C. 20036

Pro- environment legislation and election of legislators

National Association of Conservation Districts

509 Capitol Court, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20002

National conservation policy, natural resources, pollution control

National Audubon Society

700 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003

Population policies, Endangered Species Act, sustainable development, air & water pollution, waste, habitat protection

National Coalition Against The Misuse of Pesticides

701 E Street, S.E., Washington, D.C. 20003

Pesticide policy,reform, education, public awareness campaigns

National Endangered Species Act Reform Coalition

1050 Thomas Jefferson Street, N.W., Sixth Floor, Washington, D.C. 20007

Federal policy toward preservation of endangered species

National Parks and Conservation Association

1776 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Suite 200, Washington, D.C. 20036

National parks, related natural resources and areas

National Recycling Coalition

1101 30th Street, N.W., Suite 305, Washington, D.C. 20007

Conservation, recycling and policy on energy and waste

National Wetlands Coalition

1050 Thomas Jefferson Street, N.W, Sixth Floor, Washington, D.C 20007

Federal wetlands policy

National Wildlife Federation

1400 16th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20003

Air & water pollution, toxic waste, energy conservation, ancient forest protection, wetlands protection, wildlife conservation

National Resources Council of America

801 Pennsylvania Avenue, S.E., Suite 410, Washington, D.C. 20003

Conservation of natural resources

Natural Resources Defense Council

40 West 20th Street, 11th Floor, New York, N.Y. 10011

Air & water pollution, Clean Air Act enforcement, ozone protection and CFC reduction, energy efficiency, public land use, nuclear power nonproliferation, wilderness and wildlife protection

The Nature Conservancy

1815 North Lynn Street, Arlington, VA 22209

Habitat preservation

Planned Parenthood Federation of America

810 Seventh Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10019

Family planning programs, government policy, population control

Population Action International

1120 19th Street, N.W., Suite 550, Washington, D.C. 20036

Family planning, demography, contraception, environment

Population Council

One Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, 9th Floor, New York, N.Y. 10017

Contraceptives, health in developing countries, government policy

Sierra Club

730 Polk Street, San Francisco, CA 94109

Population growth, wildlife restoration, pollution, water resources, energy conservation and use

Trust for Public Land

116 New Montgomery Street, San Francisco, CA 94105

Land conservation

Union of Concerned Scientists

26 Church Street, Cambridge, Mass. 02238

Nuclear arms reduction, nuclear plant safety, energy policy

United Nations Population Fund

220 E. 42nd St. New York, N.Y. 10017

Population, demography, family planning, environment

The Wilderness Society

900 17th Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006-2596

Protection of forests, national parks, wildlife, renewing Endangered Species Act, preserving western wilderness

Wildlife Habitat Enhancement Council

1010 Wayne Avenue, Suite 920, Silver Spring, MD 20910

Use of undeveloped corporate lands for wildlife preservation

Wildlife Management Institute

1101 14th Street, N.W., Suite 801, Washington, D.C. 20005

Wildlife and conservation

World Wildlife Fund

1250 24th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037-1175

Endangered species and habitats, rain forests, conservation, global environmental policy

World Resources Institute

1709 New York Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C 20006

Biodiversity, global warming, natural resource management

Worldwatch Institute

1776 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036

Energy conservation, renewable resources, population growth

Zero Population Growth

1400 16th Street, N.W., Suite 320, Washington, D.C 20036

Sustainable balance of people, resources and environment

INDUSTRY GROUPS AND TRADE ASSOCIATIONS

American Forest and Paper Association

1250 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C 20036

Environment, recycling, endangered species, forest management, energy, wetlands, international trade, taxation

American Gas Association

1515 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22209

Natural gas & related products, energy use & policy, energy conservation, environmental policy

American Medical Association (AMA)

515 North State Street, Chicago, Ill. 60610

Public health

American Nuclear Energy Council

410 First Street, S.E., Washington, D.C. 20003

Nuclear energy, government policy, waste disposal

American Petroleum Institute

1220 L. Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005

Petroleum & related products, government policy, waste disposal

Chemical Manufacturers Association

2501 M Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037

Chemicals, environmental safety & health, transportation, energy

Edison Electric Institute

701 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W, Washington, D.C. 20004

Electric utility operation, acid rain, clean air

Electric Power Research Institute

3412 Hillview Avenue, P.O. Box 10412, Palo Alto, CA 94303

.All aspects of energy, environment, nuclear power

Gas Research Institute

8600 West Bryn Mawr Avenue, Chicago, ILL 60631

Natural gas, chemical processes, environmental issues, storage

National Food Processors Association

1401 New York Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C 20005

Food processing safety, water & energy conservation, packaging

U.S. Council for Energy Awareness

1776 Eye Street, N.W., Suite 400, Washington, D.C. 20006

Nuclear energy use and policy

GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS

Argonne National Laboratory

9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439

Engineering, bioscience, biomedicine, environmental science

Army Corps of Engineers

Office Chief of Engineers, Pulaski Building

200 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20314

Research, development activities for water- ways, conservation of natural resources

Brookhaven National Laboratory

Upton, Long Island, N.Y. 11973

Energy, environmental science, medicine

Department of Agriculture (USDA)

14th Street & Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250

Environmental and conservation programs

Department of Energy (DOE)

1000 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20585

Energy research, development, conservation

Department of the Interior

1849 C Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20240

Mineral, water, fish and wildlife conservation, national parks and recreation areas, administration

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

401 M Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460

Air, water, hazardous & radioactive waste, chemicals, pesticides

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)

825 North Capitol Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20246

Regulation of interstate electric power and natural gas industries, establishment of oil pipeline transportation rates, licensing of hydropower projects

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville , MD 20857

Food labeling & packaging, quality & safety, standards

Great Lakes Commission

Argus II Building, 400 S. Fourth Street, Ann Arbor, Mich. 48103

Advisory for Great Lakes water resources

International Joint Commission, United States and Canada

1250 23rd Street, N.W., Suite 100, Washington, D.C. 20440

Resolution of air and water disputes

Lawrence National Laboratory

P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550

Nuclear energy & waste disposal, biomedical & environmental research, education

Los Alamos National Laboratory

P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, N.M. 87545

Energy research, defense research

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, N.C. 277009

Chemicals toxicological properties, health effects

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

14th Street & Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20230

Study & monitoring of atmosphere, oceans, marine life

National Science Foundation

1800 G. Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20550

Science research, education, literacy, policy

Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

Washington, D.C. 20555

Licenses & regulates nuclear energy industry, site inspection

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tenn 37831-6255

Nuclear energy, basic science, environment, isotopes

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

200 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20210

Develops & enforces safety and health standards

Office of Science and Technology Policy

Old Executive Office Building, 17th Street & Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20500

Gathers & disseminates scientific & technical information to the Executive Branch of the government

Tennessee Valley Authority

400 West Summit Hill Drive, Knoxville, Tenn. 37902

Electric power production, flood control, forestry & wildlife, navigation, recreation

U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Agriculture

1301 Longworth House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515

Agriculture, animals, endangered species, forestry, human nutrition, meat & livestock inspection, pesticides, rural electrification & development, soil conservation

U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce

2125 Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515

Energy policy & resources, drinking water, food additives, pesticides, fuel economy standards

U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Merchant Marine Fisheries

1334 Longworth House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515

Coastal management, endangered species, fishing agreements, marine resources, oceanography, water and wetlands

U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Natural Resources

1324 Longworth House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515

Domestic nuclear energy, endangered species, forest reserves, geological survey, irrigation, mineral resources & laws, mining, national parks, nuclear waste, petroleum conservation, public lands, western lands

U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Public Works and Transportation

216O Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515

Public works, transportation, water pollution, wetlands, water power

US. House of Representatives Environmental and Energy Study

515 Ford House Office Building, Washington, D.C 20515

Analysis of environmental and natural resource issues

US. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry

328A Senate Russell Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20510

Agriculture, animals, endangered species, ancient forests,food additives, forestry, human nutrition, meat & livestock inspections, pesticides, rural development, soil conservration

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources

364 Senate Dirksen Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20510

Endangered species, energy research & development & conservation, forestry, national resources, national parks, water, western lands

U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works

458 Senate Dirksen Offic Building, Washington, D.C. 20510

Drinking water, effects of toxic waste, endangered species, ancient forests, environmental policy & research & development, fisheries & wildlife, pollution (air, noise, water) solid waste disposal, water resources & wetlands.