SPRING 2007

ENV 555 – THE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE:POLICY INTERFACE

 

Meeting Times:  Wednesdays 3:30-6:00

3 credit hours

Room:  Physical Sciences 111

Course Prerequisites:  Graduate student status or consent of instructor

Course Web Site:  www.envsci.nau.edu/sisk/courses/env555

 

Instructor:                                                                                           

                Dr. Thomas D. Sisk                                                                             

                Office: PS 118; Phone: 523-7183                                        

                Office Hours: Wednesdays, 10:00-Noon (or by appt.)                 

 

WHAT IS THIS COURSE ABOUT?

 

·         This class will examine how scientific information is presented, evaluated, and applied as political forces shape environmental policy.

·         Our focus will be on the integration of various disciplines in approaching, understanding, informing, and developing environmental science and policy.

·         We will see how the misuse of science in policy formulation is widespread, and how this failure may lead to public policy based on ideological, rather than scientific arguments.

·         We will examine criticisms of scientific and policy processes and explore alternative forms of integrating democratic, environmental, and scientific values in the development of environmental solutions.

 

HOW WILL THIS COURSE WORK?

A.  Seminars

Seminars will be a mixture of lecture and discussion.  Weekly topics, as described in this syllabus, will cover the key points of the class.  You are expected to attend and participate in discussions, and you are invited to take an active role in shaping the content and direction of the class meetings.  Prior to seminars, each student will prepare a “thought piece” on each weekly theme, based on the readings.  This 1.5-2 page synopsis should include key points and questions that will help guide your participation in the class meetings. 

 

B. Readings

Reading assignments are intended to introduce topics, help you understand the lecture material, provide access to additional readings, and help you develop your independent project.  Digital files (.pdf format) of all assigned readings are available for download from the class web site (www.envsci.nau.edu/sisk/courses/env555).  Completion of readings and “thought pieces” prior to the weekly seminar is essential.

 

C.      Grading

Class participation is an important part of the course, and it will account for 10% of your grade. 

 

“Thought pieces,” prepared prior to the beginning of each topic, will be collected and graded at the end of the class meeting.  Collectively, they will account for 30% of the course grade.

 

Research Teams (1-3 students) will produce a term paper that traces the science and policy process of an environmental issue of their choice; teams will present their finding to the class. The combined outline, paper and presentation will be worth 30% of your course grade.  Topic selection and development of the research project will take place in close consultation with the instructors.

 

Two Midterm exams, consisting of take-home essay questions, will each be worth 15% of the course grade.  Requests for regrading of exam essays are welcome; requests must be submitted in writing, along with the paper in question, within one week of the return of a graded assignment.  Regrades will not be considered for weekly thought pieces.

 

Course grades will be determined on a percentage basis. Grades will be assigned as follows:                              90-100% = A; 80-89.9% = B; 70-79.9% = C; 60-69.9% = D; below 60% = F.

 

Incompletes:  It is my policy not to assign a grade of  “incomplete” except in extreme circumstances beyond the student’s control.  Incompletes will not be given because of a student’s failure to complete an assignment or dissatisfaction with a grade. 

 

All due dates are firm; no extensions will be given.

 

D. OTHER ISSUES

Special Needs: Students with physical handicaps or learning disabilities who need to make special arrangements for class assignments and examinations should consult the instructors within the first two weeks of the semester.

 

We encourage students to come to us for help in understanding the readings, discussions, writing assignments, or for other course-related assistance.  All that we ask is that you respect office hours.  If you cannot make our scheduled office hours, we can make an appointment to see you at another time (for example, you could make an appointment by calling or speaking to us after or before class).  Remember, that our telephones have Voice Mail, so you can always leave a message.  We will respond! 

 

Attendance: Students are expected to assume full responsibility for class attendance and are responsible for all work missed due to absences. The instructors are under no obligation to make special arrangements for students who have been absent unless such absences have been explained by a formal written medical or institutional excuse. If you need to be absent on an examination day, you must notify the instructor at least one day prior to the exam.  If you do not notify and receive permission from the instructor prior to the exam and you miss the exam, you will receive '0'points for that test.

 

Institutional Excuses:  Institutional excuses permit students to be absent from classes in order to represent the university at athletic, extracurricular, or academic activities.  These excuses must be approved and signed by the appropriate university staff. Institutional excuses must be presented to the instructor or graduate assistant before the absence takes place.

 

Challenges to Assigned Grades: Challenges to assigned grades are welcomed, because they demonstrate that you are seriously thinking about the material in the course.  However, we will only consider challenges in writing.  Our hope is that written challenges will accomplish two goals:(a) a written format provides you with the opportunity to present an articulate and well-considered argument (and therefore more likely that we will favor your challenge with an improved grade); and (b) a written request provides a record of the grade transaction in case there are questions at a later time.  Challenges must be submitted within one week of the return of a graded assignment

 

Plagiarism and Cheating: Any form of misconduct including cheating, fabrication, fraud, facilitating academic dishonesty, and plagiarism will not be tolerated.  Violators will be subject to a failing grade in this course.  We do encourage students to collaborate in studying and to review each other's written assignments, but all work turned in for a grade must be completed solely by the student submitting the work. Please see the Student Code of Conduct and the section on Academic Dishonesty in the Northern Arizona University Student Handbook.

 

Incompletes: Our policy is not to assign an Incomplete except in extreme circumstances beyond a student's control.  We never give an Incomplete because a student is dissatisfied with a final grade and hopes to complete additional post-course work to improve the grade.

 

Withdrawals: The last day for Withdrawal (last day to drop with a W) is October 25. The last day for Drop/Delete is September 20.  For other deadlines, please refer to the University Calendar in the Directory of Classes.

 

Safe Working and Learning Environment: The Center for Environmental Sciences and Education and the Department of Political Science are committed to a safe working and learning environmental for students, faculty and staff.  Any form of discrimination and/or sexual harassment will not be tolerated.  Procedures for the resolution of complaints appear in the Student Handbook. 

 

Membership in the academic community places a special obligation on all members to preserve an atmosphere conducive to a safe and positive learning environment.  Part of that obligation implies the responsibility of each member of the NAU community to maintain an environment in which the behavior of any individual is not disruptive.  It is the responsibility of each student to behave in a manner that does not interrupt or disrupt the delivery of education by faculty members or receipt of education by students, within or outside the classroom.  The determination of whether such interruption or disruption has occurred has to be made by the faculty member at the time the behavior occurs.  It becomes the responsibility of the individual faculty member to maintain and enforce the standards of behavior acceptable to preserving an atmosphere for teaching and learning in accordance with University regulations and the course syllabus.  At a minimum, students will be warned if the faculty member judges the behavior to be disruptive.  Serious disruptions, as determined by the faculty member, may result in immediate removal of the student from the instructional environment.  Significant and/or continued violations may result in an administrative withdrawal from the class.  Additional responses by the faculty member to disruptive behavior may include a range of actions from discussing the disruptive behavior with the student to referral to the appropriate academic unit and/or the Office of Student Life for administrative review, with a view to implement corrective action up to and including suspension or expulsion.


SEMINAR SCHEDULE AND READING ASSIGNMENTS

(Note: readings may change; substitutions will be announced in class and posted on the web)

 

Date                             Topics                                                                                                              _____

Part 1: Introduction -- The Science and Policy Processes for Beginners

17 Jan.             An Integrated and Interdisciplinary Approach to Environmental Problem Solving.

                                    Sarewitz, Frontiers of Illusion, Preface through page 29

                                   

24 Jan.             Purist Views: Science and Policy

                                    Platt: Strong Inference

Ehrlich and Ehrlich: Betrayal of Science and Reason, Ch. 3

Birkland: An Introduction to the Policy Process, Ch. 9

 

31 Jan.             Impediments and Corruptions 1: Science

Shrader-Frechette and McCoy: Method in Ecology, Ch. 4

Ludwig et al.: Uncertainty, Resource Exploitation, and Conservation

Murphy and Noon: Coping with Uncertainty in Wildlife Biology

 

07 Feb.            Impediments and Corruptions 2: Policy

                        Guest Lecturer: David Schlosberg, NAU Political Sciences (invited)

Lindblom and Woodhouse: The Policy-Making Process, Chs. 6, 10, 11

Lindblom: The Market as Prison

Weiss: Data Quality Law Is Nemesis Of Regulation

Boykoff and Boykoff: Balance as Bias: Global Warming and the US Prestige Press

 

Part 2: The State of Affairs

14 Feb.            Past and Current Cases of Misuse

Yaffee: Lessons About Leadership from the History of the Spotted Owl Controversy

Lomborg: selections from The Skeptical Environmentalist

Thompson: Science Friction

Union of Concerned Scientists: Scientific Integrity in Policymaking

 

21 Feb.            Key issues in Integrating Science, Policy, and Democracy

                                    Beck: The Risk Society

Fischer: Citizens, Experts, and the Environment, Ch. 1

Sarewitz: How science makes environmental controversies worse

 

Part 3: Reconceptualizing Science

28 Feb.            Science and the Psycho-Sociology of Information
            Guest Lecturer: Dave Mattson, USGS- BRD and Yale University (invited)

Stone:  Causal stories and the formation of policy agendas

Karlberg: News and conflict: how adversarial news frames limit public understanding of environmental issues

Ruud and Sprague: Can't see the [old growth] forest for the logs: dialectical tensions in the interpretive practices of environmentalists and loggers

07 March         Validating Alternative Viewpoints

Forsyth, Critical Political Ecology: The Politics of Environmental Science, Chapters 8-9

Peña:    Los Animalitos: Culture, Ecology, and the Politics of Place in the Upper Rio Grande

 

14 March         Post Modern and Feminist Perspectives on Science

                        Guest Lecturer: David Schlosberg, NAU Political Sciences (invited)
                        Keller: “Feminism and Science”

Haraway: “Situated Knowledges”

                                    Latour: We Have Never Been Modern, Ch. 1

Soule: “The Social Siege of Nature” from Reinventing Nature

 

28 March         Case Studies in Reconceptualizing Science

Sayre: Ranching, Endangered Species and Urbanization in the American Southwest, Ch. 6

Brown: Popular Epidemiology and Toxic Waste Contamination: Lay and Professional Ways of Knowing

 

Part 4:  Democracy and Environmental Science

04 April            Democracy and Environmental Science: Effects on the Practice of Science

                                    Sarewitz: Frontiers of Illusion, Ch. 9

Byerly and Pielke: The Changing Ecology of United States Science

Kleinman: Democratizations of Science and Technology

Fischer: Local Knowledge and Participatory Inquiry

 

11 April            Democracy and Environmental Science: Effects on Public Policy
Guest Lecturer: David Schlosberg, NAU Political Sciences (invited)

Fischer: Discursive Institutions for Environmental Policy-Making

O’Brien: excerpts from Making Better Environmental Decisions

Sclove: Science, Inc. vs. Science‑for‑everyone

*** Outline of Term Paper Due ***

 

Part 5: Case Studies and Student Presentations

18 April            Cases Studies at the Science/Policy Interface: Groundwater and Springs
                                    Guest Lecturer: Vernon Masayesva, Black Mesa Trust (invited)
                                    USGS: Reports on N-aquifer, Black Mesa
                                    NRDC: Groundwater pumping of the N-aquifer in northern Arizona

 

25 April            Cases Studies at the Science/Policy Interface: Participatory Approaches

Niemeyer: Deliberation in the Wilderness: Displacing Symbolic Politics

                                                Sisk et al.: ForestERA Project and Restoration Ecology

               

02 May            Student Presentations

*** Final Group Papers and Peer Evaluations Due ***